Eritrea ๐ช๐ท
Eritrea is a country in Africa with a population of 3,684,032. Its capital is Asmara. The official currency is ERN, and the main languages are Tigrinya, Arabic, English.
Quick facts
- Capital: Asmara
- Continent: Africa
- Population: 3,684,032
- Area: 117,600 kmยฒ
- Density: 31.3 people per kmยฒ
- Currency: ERN
- Languages: Tigrinya, Arabic, English
- ISO code: ER
Where Eritrea sits
Eritrea ๐ช๐ท is one of 54 countries in Africa, with its capital at Asmara. It covers 117,600 square kilometres โ 99th in the world โ and is home to about 3,684,032 people, 131st globally.
The countries it shares a continent with include Nigeria, Ethiopia, Egypt, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania. If you are learning geography region by region โ which works far better than alphabetically, because memory for places is spatial โ those are the ones to learn alongside it.
How Eritrea compares
Raw figures are hard to hold on their own, so it helps to anchor them. In population, Eritrea sits closest to Georgia and Uruguay. In land area, its nearest counterparts are Malawi and North Korea.
At 31.3 people per square kilometre it is about 1.9 times below the world average of 59.4. It ranks higher by area than by population, so it is more spacious than its population alone suggests.
Tigrinya is listed as official in Eritrea alone. The ERN is used by Eritrea and no one else.
To see Eritrea next to every other country, sort the country rankings by population, area or density; its currency and languages are listed alongside every other country's in world currencies and world languages.
How to remember Eritrea
Asmara is inland, about 2,325 m above sea level, not on the Red Sea coast. For the flag, look for a gold olive wreath on a red arrow pointing across green and blue.
The flag of Eritrea: red, green, blue and gold
๐ช๐ท The flag is a red triangle pointing from the flagpole to the far side, dividing the flag into a green top and a blue bottom, with a gold olive wreath and branch on the red. Green stands for farming, blue for the riches of the sea, and red for the blood shed for freedom. The shape of the red triangle is said to mimic the shape of the country.
Region and neighbours
Eritrea is a country in the Horn of Africa with a long coast on the Red Sea, including the islands of the Dahlak Archipelago. It shares land borders with 3 countries: Sudan, Ethiopia and Djibouti.
- Sudan ๐ธ๐ฉ โ capital Khartoum
- Ethiopia ๐ช๐น โ capital Addis Ababa
- Djibouti ๐ฉ๐ฏ โ capital Djibouti
Three facts about Eritrea
- Asmara was added to the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2017 as 'Asmara: A Modernist African City'.
- Eritrea gained de jure independence in 1993, after an independence referendum.
- Eritrea has nine recognised ethnic groups, each with its own language.
Sources: Wikipedia: Eritrea, Wikipedia: Flag of Eritrea, Wikipedia: Asmara, CIA World Factbook.
Quiz yourself on Eritrea
- African capitals quiz โ match Eritrea to Asmara
- African flags quiz โ spot the Eritrea flag among its neighbours
Quizzes that include Eritrea
Three angles are worth covering for any country โ where it is, what its flag looks like, and what its capital is. For Eritrea those are:
- Africa map quiz โ place it on a blank map
- Africa flags quiz โ identify its flag among its neighbours
- Africa capitals quiz โ match it to Asmara
- Eritrea capital quiz โ five quick questions starting with Eritrea
- Daily Map Challenge โ five countries to find on a blank world map, the same five for everyone each day
Doing all three for one continent before moving on is far more efficient than learning flags globally, then capitals globally, then the map.
Read more about Eritrea
- Capital of Eritrea: Asmara โ the capital in detail, with size and density rankings
- All 54 countries of Africa
Nearby countries
- Algeria ๐ฉ๐ฟ โ capital Algiers
- Angola ๐ฆ๐ด โ capital Luanda
- Benin ๐ง๐ฏ โ capital Porto-Novo
- Botswana ๐ง๐ผ โ capital Gaborone
- Burkina Faso ๐ง๐ซ โ capital Ouagadougou
- Burundi ๐ง๐ฎ โ capital Gitega
- Cabo Verde ๐จ๐ป โ capital Praia
- Cameroon ๐จ๐ฒ โ capital Yaoundรฉ
- Central African Republic ๐จ๐ซ โ capital Bangui
- Chad ๐น๐ฉ โ capital N'Djamena
- Comoros ๐ฐ๐ฒ โ capital Moroni
- Congo ๐จ๐ฌ โ capital Brazzaville
Frequently asked questions
What are the colours of the Eritrea flag?
The flag of Eritrea is a red triangle pointing from the flagpole to the far side, dividing the flag into a green top and a blue bottom, with a gold olive wreath and branch on the red. Green stands for farming, blue for the riches of the sea, and red for the blood shed for freedom. The shape of the red triangle is said to mimic the shape of the country.
Which countries border Eritrea?
Eritrea shares land borders with Sudan, Ethiopia and Djibouti.
How can I remember the capital of Eritrea?
Asmara is inland, about 2,325 m above sea level, not on the Red Sea coast. For the flag, look for a gold olive wreath on a red arrow pointing across green and blue.